Education and resources

Tangelo Boost — Now available

Cultiva introduced a sativa-dominant strain into our range to offer patients a versatile therapeutic option that addresses both physical and mental health needs.

Sativa strains are known for their high concentrations of terpenes such as limonene and pinene, which contribute to their uplifting and energising effects. This makes them particularly effective for managing symptoms of depression and fatigue, while also promoting mental clarity and focus.¹

Cultiva’s Tangelo Boost is a vibrant sativa-dominant strain with a THC content of 24%. Known for its uplifting and energising effects, this strain is ideal for patients seeking relief from fatigue, depression, and chronic pain.

Tangelo Boost’s unique combination of terpenes and cannabinoids offers a dual action: Limonene helps in stimulating daytime productivity and creativity, while myrcene also offers a gentle relaxation that can ease the transition to restfulness in the evening^,.

This adaptability makes Tangelo Boost an excellent choice for patients looking for a natural, scientifically grounded solution to enhance their quality of life throughout the day and night.

Cultiva is saying goodbye and thank you to their first-ever Cultiva strain: Cherry Punch.

Cherry Punch will be discontinued in mid-August.

This incredible strain set the standard for all that followed, blending the classic charm of AK47 with modern breeding precision. Cherry Punch stood as a testament to quality and tradition, bridging OG Kush with contemporary excellence.
Cherry Punch will leave an enduring legacy and pave the way for exciting new strains.
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Why is Cherry Punch leaving? ‍

Cultiva prioritises strain innovation to ensure the best therapeutic options are always available in the Australian market. Cultiva believes in rotating strains to respond to the evolving needs of patients.
Cherry Punch has served patients well, but it's time for us to make room for new strains that will provide fresh benefits and meet the latest therapeutic demands. This approach allows Cultiva to stay at the forefront of medicinal cannabis and deliver the highest quality care.

Cherry Punch Alternatives Made Simple

To help with this transition, the below table has been compiled with a detailed breakdown of alternative strains and their therapeutic effects:
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For centuries, cannabis cultivators in various cultures have selectively bred plants for traits like potency and resin production. However, the late 20th century witnessed a surge in intentional breeding efforts by cannabis enthusiasts and researchers. Their goal: emphasising specific desirable traits, particularly cannabinoid profiles and therapeutic effects.

One pivotal moment arrived in 2011 with the creation of Charlotte's Web. Named after Charlotte Figi, a young girl suffering from severe epilepsy, this strain was meticulously bred to be high in cannabidiol (CBD) and low in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Charlotte's Web gained global attention for its remarkable success in reducing Charlotte's seizures, shining a spotlight on the potential of specific cannabis strains for addressing health conditions. 

By age three, Charlotte, despite conventional treatments, endured 300 seizures weekly. However, after using this specially formulated cannabis oil strain her epilepsy improved. In 2013, two years after starting treatment, Charlotte's seizure frequency fell from around 50 convulsive seizures per day to just 2-3 nocturnal convulsions per month.

Since then, a multitude of strains with varying ratios of cannabinoids have been developed to address specific medical conditions, such as chronic pain, anxiety, and nausea. Cultiva’s ongoing dedication to innovative genetics and developing new strains helps expand the plant's therapeutic potential and sets us apart as leaders in patient care.

The vibrant colors of Cultiva strains not only captivate the eye but might also hold clues to potential medicinal benefits. Each strain, distinguished by its unique color palette, hints at the presence of specific compounds that could offer therapeutic properties.

For instance, the purple hues in strains such as Bacio Gelato, Governmint Oasis, and Lee Anne Womac may suggest the presence of anthocyanins, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. While traditionally associated with benefits at ambient temperatures, exploring the impact of these compounds when exposed to the higher temperatures of vaping is an Interesting area for further research.


The dark-colored buds of Jealousy may signify a higher concentration of THC, CBD, and terpenes, potentially providing effects like relaxation, pain relief, and mood regulation.


Finally, the presence of orange pistils in strains like Lee Anne Womac, Bacio Gelato, Cherry Punch, Governmint Oasis, and Jealousy indicates mature flowers, rich in cannabinoids and terpenes.



‍Ready for something extra colourful? Watch out for our newest strain.

It’s more than just THC. Our newest offering, Rainbow Pie, not only delights the taste buds but also boasts up to 2% cannabigerol (CBG). While THC often takes centre stage,  minor cannabinoid CBG is gaining prominence.

Research indicates that this non-intoxicating minor cannabinoid could be especially beneficial for individuals grappling with inflammatory issues. CBG's anti-inflammatory properties position it as a promising option for healthcare providers exploring alternatives or adjunct approaches to address conditions linked to inflammation, such as chronic pain, inflammatory bowel disease or arthritis.

CBG's capabilities extend beyond combating inflammation. Its neuroprotective properties make it a compelling candidate for supporting brain health in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. The potential molecular mechanisms underpinning cannabigerol's (CBG) neuroprotective effects are multifaceted. CBG's anti-inflammatory profile may assist in mitigating neuronal damage in various neurodegenerative conditions. Serving as an antioxidant, CBG combats free radicals, potentially alleviating oxidative stress and safeguarding neurons from degeneration.

Moreover, CBG's interaction with CB1 and CB2 receptors within the endocannabinoid system may impact neurotransmitter release, contributing to the regulation of neuronal function and potentially enhancing neuroprotection.


CBG may even help some patients boost their appetite. Research has found that CBG stimulates hunger without the intoxicating effects of THC. In a recent animal study, CBG increased overall food intake and how often test rats ate without causing negative side effects, such as impairing coordination or movement. This suggests that CBG could be a potential treatment for conditions like eating disorders or loss of appetite post-chemotherapy.


Rainbow Pie, our latest and most colourful cultivar, provides a variety of therapeutic possibilities through its distinctive composition. Featuring a robust terpene profile comprising linalool, farnesene, limonene, humulene, and caryophyllene1, coupled with a substantial THC content of 27% and 2% CBG, Rainbow Pie provides multifaceted healthcare applications.

Pain management

Rainbow Pie offers patients a vibrant pain management solution. The synergy between its high THC levels and diverse terpenes, including anti-inflammatory agents like humulene and caryophyllene, provides a dual-pronged approach to chronic pain management.

Stimulate appetite

Rainbow Pie's ability to stimulate appetite is attributed to its THC and CBG content. THC, known for its appetite-inducing properties, works in tandem with CBG to address appetite loss in patients2, offering a potential aid for those experiencing diminished appetite.

Regulate mood

Moreover, Rainbow Pie's harmonising interplay between Limonene, renowned for its uplifting properties, and THC, leveraging the entourage effects, may assist patients in mood regulation3. Reports from patients highlight Rainbow Pie's euphoric and relaxing qualities, indicating its potential to contribute to managing mood disorders.

As we delve deeper into the characteristics of this potent strain, Rainbow Pie not only emerges as a unique strain but also as an effective therapeutic option for pain, appetite stimulation, and mood regulation.

Our latest medicinal cannabis strain, Rainbow Pie, features a high percentage of the comforting terpene linalool. This delightful and relaxing compound isn't exclusive to cannabis; it's also present in plants such as lavender, basil, and lilies.

Linalool, a key component in Rainbow Pie, contributes a distinctive element to the strain's compound composition. Known for its sweet floral aroma and calming properties, linalool not only enhances the delightful sensory experience of Rainbow Pie but also holds therapeutic potential, with reported anti-anxiety and anti-inflammatory effects.

The potential calming and anxiety-relieving attributes of linalool may complement the effects of cannabinoids like THC and CBD (known as the entourage effect). Some users have reported that strains rich in linalool deliver a more tranquil and soothing experience, making them potentially suitable for individuals seeking relief from stress or anxiety.

Looking for Linalool?
‍Find it in: Rainbow Pie, Bacio Gelato, Governmint Oasis, and Jealousy.

Many medical professionals face challenges in ensuring the safe use of opioids for their patients. However, studies propose a novel solution — combining the analgesic properties of cannabinoids with the pain-relieving effects of opioids. This innovative strategy may enhance the overall efficacy and safety of pain treatment.

A 2021 study conducted at 21 medical clinics across Canada investigated the interplay between medical cannabis, prescription opioids, and overall quality of life. With 1,145 Canadian medical cannabis patients participating in this research over a 6-month period, the study reported a baseline opioid use of 28%, which dramatically decreased to 11% after 6 months.

Beyond opioids, participants also experienced substantial decreases in other primary prescription drug classes, accompanied by statistically significant improvements in their overall quality of life.

Another study revealed the potential synergy between cannabinoids and opioids. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation involving healthy cannabis smokers, researchers explored the analgesic effects of combining low-dose oxycodone with smoked cannabis.
The findings revealed a synergistic effect, enhancing pain relief without escalating the abuse potential of cannabis.

‍This breakthrough holds promise for advancing pain management, allowing physicians to potentially prescribe lower opioid doses, thereby reducing the risk of opioid dependence. However, it's important to note that both cannabis and opioids have depressant effects. When combined at non-medical doses, these substances can dangerously suppress the central nervous system. Therefore, healthcare professionals should approach this development with careful optimism.

Vaporisation is the most common way to administer medicinal cannabis — and the only medically approved way to administer dried herb flower. And now, with the recent changes to the importation of disposable nicotine vapes taking effect all over Australia, it’s a good time for us to clear the air and give you the information you need to keep your patients informed.

Nicotine Vapes

A nicotine vape is a device designed for inhaling vaporised nicotine, typically using an atomiser or coil to heat e-liquid containing propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), nicotine, and flavourings. Powered by a battery, a nicotine vape produces a nicotine-infused vapour that’s inhaled.

Medicinal Cannabis Dry Herb Vapes (for use with Cultiva medicines)


Specifically designed for dried cannabis flower, these vaporisers heat the flower through an atomiser or coil, without burning it and thus avoiding combustion. Cannabinoids and terpenes are released in the form of vapour, which is then inhaled. 



This meticulous process preserves the plant's natural compounds, offering potential medical benefits associated with the entourage effect. This method also allows the active ingredients to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the lungs, making this the preferred method for patients who require rapid relief of symptoms

Remember: Nicotine vapes and medicinal cannabis vapes are not interchangeable. While the basic components of the devices may be similar, each type of vape is specifically designed for its respective substance. 

Safety Considerations

While both nicotine vapes and medicinal cannabis vapes offer smoke-free alternatives, it's important to acknowledge safety differences between the two.

Nicotine vape risks

Concerns have been raised about the safety of certain additives and

flavourings, which may release harmful chemicals when heated and inhaled. Some research suggests that the inhalation of these chemicals may pose risks to respiratory health.


As of 1 January 2024, Australia has banned the import of disposable nicotine vapes, with very limited exceptions, and from March 1, 2024, the import and sale of all non-therapeutic vapes is planned to be prohibited. You can assure your patients that this ban is designed to curb nicotine addiction in Australia — especially among younger adults — and will not affect the importation of therapeutic vapes for medicinal cannabis.

Medicinal cannabis vape risks

While vaporising ground cannabis buds avoids the use of additional liquids or additives, there are still factors to consider. The heating process can lead to the release of certain compounds, and the quality and source of cannabis products can vary.

It’s for this reason that high-quality medicinal cannabis, like Cultiva, are so important for patient safety. Improperly cultivated cannabis flower may contain contaminants or pesticides which can pose health risks when inhaled.

The green apple aroma found in some medicinal cannabis strains might hold the key to protecting brain cells? That sweet scent comes from a terpene called β-farnesene, found in trace amounts within specific cannabis varieties like patient favourite, Lee Anne Womac. 

Early studies suggest the potential of β-farnesene as a neuroprotector. In cultured rat neurons, this terpene has been shown to exhibit fascinating dose-dependent effects that could protect against cellular damage. Recent research demonstrates that β-farnesene could potentially act like a microscopic bodyguard, helping to block harmful compounds and even reduce DNA damage within brain cells. While these findings are promising, it's important to remember that the research is still young and requires further exploration.

Epilepsy, a neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures, poses unique challenges for patients and healthcare professionals managing symptoms. While traditional treatments play a pivotal role, the limitations of some medications have spurred increased interest in alternative therapies, notably medicinal cannabis.

Research indicates that cannabinoids in medicinal cannabis may contribute significantly to managing epilepsy symptoms, including:

Seizure Control

CBD, a prominent cannabinoid, has shown the capacity to regulate nerve cell activity and modulate the release of signalling chemicals in the brain. This regulatory function appears to decrease the frequency and intensity of seizures.

Neuroinflammation Management

Cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects, potentially slowing down the progression of epilepsy by reducing neuroinflammation—a crucial factor in nerve damage.

Neurological Symptom Management

Beyond inflammation and pain, medical cannabis treatments may address other distressing symptoms commonly associated with neurological conditions, including cognitive disturbances.


Potential Neuroprotective Effects:

Some studies suggest that medicinal cannabis may also possess neuroprotective properties, offering protection against nervous system damage and potentially mitigating the impact of epilepsy on overall neurological function.

By fostering awareness and understanding of medicinal cannabis, we want to empower healthcare professionals to confidently manage epilepsy and explore diverse possibilities for their patient’s better quality of life.

1788: Seeds of Change

The First Fleet brought the first hemp seeds, ushering in the era of cannabis in Australia. This historic moment coincided with the establishment of the first European settlement at Botany Bay. Notably, Sir Joseph Banks, England and Australia's inaugural recorded cannabis distributor, spearheaded this initiative.

1930s: A Golden Age for Green Medicine

Fast forward to the 1930s, and Australia found itself at the forefront of medicinal cannabis products. Dr J Collis Browne's Chlorodyne, a blend of chloroform, morphine, cannabis, and laudanum, stood as a testament to the prominent role cannabis played in treating various ailments. Available over-the-counter or by prescription, it symbolised an era where Australians readily embraced cannabis-based medications for their perceived therapeutic benefits and effectiveness.

1960s: A Shift in the Tide

Unfortunately, the global push for recreational cannabis prohibition in the 1960s cast a long shadow over the medicinal use of the plant. International regulations tightened, forcing Australia, along with many other countries, to gradually phase out cannabis-based medicines. Thankfully, this medical prohibition wouldn't be permanent.

1990s - 2000s: Promising regrowth

Despite the decline in use, research into the potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis continued throughout the late 20th century. Patient advocacy groups grew in prominence, highlighting the need for access to medicinal cannabis for conditions like chronic pain and epilepsy.

2016: A Landmark Decision

In 2016, Australia took a significant step forward with the introduction of the Cannabis Use for Medical and Scientific Purposes Amendment Act. This legislation established a legal framework for the cultivation, production, and supply of medicinal cannabis, marking a new era of accessibility for patients in need.

Present Day: Flowering Opportunities

While the 2016 legislation represents a significant advancement, challenges remain. Access to medicinal cannabis still varies across states and territories, and ongoing research is necessary to fully understand its potential in diverse medical conditions. However, with continued advocacy, research, and policy development, Australia's future holds promise for wider and more equitable access to the potential benefits of medicinal cannabis.

The "start low, go slow" dosing strategy is well-known in prescribing and dispensing circles, but why is it such fundamental advice to patients starting on medicinal cannabis?

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Variability

Individual differences in cannabinoid receptor expression (CB1 and CB2), variations in first-pass metabolism in the liver, and the influence of genetic polymorphisms (e.g., CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) emphasise the need for personalised dosage considerations.

Patient Response and Tolerance

There is considerable variability in individual patient response and tolerance, which can be influenced by many factors such as age, weight, overall health, and prior cannabis experience.

Minimising Side Effects

By initiating treatment with a conservative dose, practitioners can help minimise potential side effects, such as dizziness, fatigue, or changes in cognitive function.

Individualised Therapeutic Goals

Different medical conditions may require varying doses of cannabinoids to achieve optimal therapeutic effects. By initiating treatment cautiously, providers can observe how patients respond to lower doses and gradually titrate upward.

Building Patient Confidence

Starting with a low dose allows for a gradual patient acclimatisation so they are more likely to adhere to their treatment plans and feel comfortable discussing their experiences with their provider.

By adhering to “start low, go slow” practitioners can help ensure a more personalised and safer introduction to medicinal cannabis, optimising the therapeutic benefits while minimising potential risks.

In recent years, the term "uplifting" has become a common descriptor for certain cannabis strains — but what does it really mean? When people refer to cannabis strains as uplifting, they are typically highlighting the psychoactive effects that can potentially promote a sense of euphoria, elevated mood, and/or increased alertness. These characteristics are often associated with sativa-dominant strains, which are historically believed to induce a more cerebral and invigorating experience compared to their indica-dominant counterparts.1

The uplifting effects of certain strains are attributed to their unique chemical profiles, with higher concentrations of cannabinoids such as THC and terpenes like limonene and pinene. THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis responsible for the euphoric sensations. Meanwhile, limonene and pinene are terpenes that contribute to the strain's aromatic profile with some research supporting their uplifting and energising effects.2

It's important to note that individual responses to cannabis can vary, and factors such as tolerance, dosage, and personal biochemistry play significant roles in determining the overall experience. Some users may find uplifting strains enhance creativity, focus, and sociability, making them suitable for daytime use. However, others may experience increased heart rate or anxiety, especially if predisposed to such symptoms. 

The terms "indica" and "sativa" are often heard during medicinal cannabis discussions, but their exact impact on a patient's therapeutic experience requires a more nuanced understanding of these two cannabis plant varieties. 

Traditionally, indica strains were believed to promote relaxation and pain relief, while sativas were associated with uplifting effects, potentially improving mood and creativity. However, Indica and Sativa actually refer to the morphology of the Cannabis Plant. ‘Cannabis sativa’ was found to be a taller, slimmer, and more fibrous plant, while ‘Cannabis indica,’ was found to be more dense, shorter and wider.

We now understand that the therapeutic effects of the cannabis plant are not necessarily determined by the sativa vs indica label, but instead the combination of cannabinoids such as THC and CBD, minor cannabinoids and various cannabis terpenes which is known as the "entourage effect". This influences the overall experience for the patient and means that doctors should consider not only the sativa vs. indica label, but unique terpene content too.

Today, research suggests that years of crossbreeding has likely hybridised sativa and indica strains to the point that most of the cannabis consumed today is a combination of the two species’ lineages. 

By recognising the category of plant and having a deeper understanding of the specific cannabinoid and terpene profile doctors can help their patients achieve better healthcare outcomes and experience more wakeful or restful treatment experience.

This lively terpene isn't exclusive to cannabis; it's also found in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. Limonene, a dominant terpene in Tangelo Boost, is recognised for its zesty, citrusy aroma and potential mood-boosting effects. Limonene not only amplifies the sensory experience of sativa-dominant strains but also contributes to potential therapeutic benefits, including reported anti-anxiety and anti-depressant properties.

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The potential uplifting attributes of limonene may complement the effects of cannabinoids like THC and CBD, contributing to a synergistic entourage effect. Some patients have reported that strains rich in limonene offer a more energising and uplifting experience, making them an ideal choice for patients seeking a mood lift or relief from stress.

Looking for limonene? 

Order Tangelo Boost today. 

From traditional outdoor methods to modern indoor and greenhouse technologies, cannabis cultivation has come a long way from its humble beginning. And while some growers still choose to cultivate cannabis outdoors, it’s important to question whether a more ‘traditional’ approach is really the best choice for quality medicine production?

Ancient Origins (4000 BCE): The Seeds of Cultivation

As early as 4000 BCE, Chinese farmers cultivated cannabis outdoors using natural elements1. Interestingly, they may have unknowingly also practised selective breeding, favouring plants with desired traits like stronger fibres or potentially, medicinal properties.

Open Fields (Pre-20th Century): Natural Challenges

Early modern cultivation was at the mercy of seasons and unpredictable weather patterns. Open fields were susceptible to infestations and diseases, making consistent quality for medicinal purposes a significant challenge heavily influenced by climate.

Early Shelters (13th Century): A Glimpse of Greenhouses

While rudimentary greenhouses date back to Roman times, 13th-century Italy further developed greenhouses, then called "giardini botanici" (botanical gardens). These basic structures with translucent roofs  allowed sunlight in and protected plants from the elements. While there's no direct evidence of cannabis cultivators using early greenhouses,  the technology's existence pre-20th century makes it an interesting possibility.

Technological Advancements (20th Century): Indoor Evolutions

The 20th century saw a rise of fully enclosed indoor cultivation facilities as a viable alternative to traditional outdoor methods and greenhouses. These facilities offered control over environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and light through artificial lighting systems. This resulted in higher-quality, more consistent yields of medicinal cannabis.

Modern Marvels (21st Century): Optimising Indoor Cultivation for Peak Quality

In the 21st century, cultivators can take advantage of new technologies designed to optimise fully enclosed indoor cultivation facilities. Cultivators like Avant exemplify this cutting-edge approach. Their facilities utilise a suite of advanced technologies to create a meticulously controlled environment, including, light deprivation systems, automated climate control, and advanced monitoring and adjustment systems ensure consistent temperature, humidity, and CO2 levels.

Quality Over Quantity: Redefining "Natural" in Medical Cannabis

While outdoor cultivation holds historical significance, cannabis grown in controlled environments often surpasses its outdoor-grown counterparts in terms of medicinal quality, consistency and safety. The meticulous control within indoor facilities allows for denser buds, higher cannabinoid concentrations, and more complex terpene profiles – all factors essential for producing standardised and effective medical cannabis.

This Crohn's & Colitis Awareness Month, we’re inviting all our healthcare partners to take up the opportunity to further their understanding of these complex inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and explore how medicinal cannabis can play a role in symptom management.

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are both inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) characterised by chronic inflammation of the digestive tract.¹ Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and often leads to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue, weight loss, and malnutrition. Ulcerative colitis specifically affects the colon and rectum, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, bloody diarrhoea, urgency to have bowel movements, and rectal bleeding. Both conditions can vary in severity and may result in complications affecting other parts of the body. ²

Studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties of cannabinoids, highlighting their therapeutic potential in alleviating symptoms associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary cannabinoids found in cannabis, exhibit promising effects in reducing inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract and modulating the immune response implicated in IBD pathogenesis.³

Additionally, cannabis-based medications offer an alternative for patients experiencing inadequate symptom control or adverse effects from traditional therapies.

Crohn's & Colitis Awareness Month is a perfect opportunity for healthcare professionals to take the time to discuss the potential benefits of medicinal cannabis with their IBD patients. Helpful conversations, grounded in evidence, can empower IBD sufferers to make informed decisions about their health and improve their quality of life.

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We invite healthcare professionals to take a moment to consider the potential of medicinal cannabis within comprehensive palliative care strategies. Palliative care aims to improve the quality of life for patients facing life-threatening illnesses and their families through holistic symptom management and psychosocial support.¹

Terminal illnesses often entail debilitating symptoms that can significantly impact patients' comfort and dignity in their final stages of life. Medicinal cannabis, with its analgesic, antiemetic, and anxiolytic properties, presents a valuable addition to the palliative care toolkit.²

Research suggests that cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, can effectively alleviate pain, reduce nausea and vomiting, stimulate appetite, and address psychological distress in patients receiving palliative care.³ Additionally, cannabis-based therapies offer a well-tolerated alternative or complement to conventional medications, providing personalised symptom relief tailored to individual patient needs.

Palliative Care Week serves as a poignant reminder for healthcare providers to explore all available avenues for optimising patient comfort and well-being. By incorporating discussions on medicinal cannabis into palliative care plans, healthcare professionals can offer comprehensive support to patients and families navigating end-of-life challenges.

As medicinal cannabis gains traction in Australia, healthcare providers face the challenge of transitioning patients from recreational to medicinal cannabis use safely. While the medical benefits of cannabis are becoming increasingly recognised, doctors also need to ensure that patients who have previously used cannabis recreationally, or to self-medicate, can transition safely and effectively to a medicinal cannabis schedule.

Transitioning patients from recreational to medicinal cannabis presents unique challenges. The boundaries between recreational and medicinal use often blur, with many patients transitioning from recreational to therapeutic use. A notable 2022 Australian study1 revealed that nearly all medicinal cannabis patients had prior experience with recreational use. Moreover, a Canadian study suggested that some medicinal cannabis patients continued recreational use alongside prescribed medication.2

This "dual use" scenario complicates the assessment of medicinal cannabis's specific impact and raises concerns about heightened risks associated with overall cannabis consumption among medical cannabis patients. Additionally, frequent cannabis use among medicinal cannabis patients, often on a daily basis, has been associated with higher rates of problematic use and psychiatric symptoms.

Transitioning patients from recreational to medicinal cannabis carries several risks, including:

• Habituation to ritualistic use
• Unrealistic therapeutic expectations
• Challenges in dosage control
• A potential for dependence

These risks underscore the importance of informed decision-making and patient education before initiating medicinal cannabis therapy, especially for individuals with a history of recreational cannabis use.

Understanding the underlying motives for cannabis use, monitoring for problematic patterns, and addressing dual-use are crucial steps for healthcare providers navigating this transition. Open communication, patient education, and a comprehensive approach can help ensure the safe and effective integration of medicinal cannabis into patient treatment plans.

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With over 1 in 20 or just over 1.3 million Australians currently living with diabetes, exploring alternative therapies is crucial in the fight for better treatment management. Medicinal cannabis offers a promising, yet still developing, approach as an adjunct to conventional treatments.

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Left unchecked, diabetes can wreak havoc on the body. High blood sugar damages blood vessels, raising the risk of heart attack and stroke. Kidneys become less efficient, potentially leading to failure. Diabetic retinopathy threatens vision, while nerve damage causes pain, numbness, and even impacts digestion and sexual function. Additionally, poor circulation and nerve damage in the feet increase the risk of ulcers and infections, sometimes requiring amputation.1 

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Emerging research suggests that cannabis compounds, particularly cannabinoids like CBD and THC, may hold therapeutic potential for diabetes management. Studies indicate that cannabinoids possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially mitigating the chronic inflammation associated with diabetes and its complications.2

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Moreover, cannabis has shown promise in addressing key facets of diabetes management, including:

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• Blood Glucose Regulation: Certain cannabinoids exhibit glucose-lowering effects, aiding in the regulation of blood sugar levels, a cornerstone of diabetes management.3
• Neuropathy Relief: Diabetic neuropathy, characterised by nerve damage and pain, is a common complication. Cannabis-derived compounds may alleviate neuropathic pain, enhancing patients' quality of life.4

• Insulin Sensitivity: Research suggests that cannabinoids may enhance insulin sensitivity, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for individuals with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes.5

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Approaching the integration of medicinal cannabis into diabetes treatment plans demands careful consideration and expertise. It's essential for healthcare providers to educate patients on the potential risks associated with cannabis, such as interactions with existing medications and the psychotropic effects of THC. While cannabis shouldn't be viewed as a standalone treatment, it holds promise as a potential adjunct therapy.

What are Haze Strains?

Haze strains trace their lineage back to the mid 1960s and early 1970s in Santa Cruz, California, where pioneering breeders, “The Haze Brothers” began experimenting with exotic landrace Sativa genetics from regions like Colombia, Mexico, Thailand, and South India.

These Haze genetics found their way to Amsterdam in 1976 where Haze became a favourable choice for breeders and consumers due to its elevated THC levels, uplifting effects, and unique terpene profiles responsible for its spicy, citrus and tropical aromas. 

Characteristics and Therapeutic Benefits

Haze strains, characterised by their pure Sativa or Sativa-dominant genetics, offer a diverse array of therapeutic benefits. Patients report a well-rounded, uplifting, and energising effect that is perfect for relieving symptoms associated with chronic pain, anxiety, and migraines, while enhancing focus and mood.1

Their high THC content, combined with terpenes like limonene2, myrcene3, and caryophyllene4, contributes to their energising, mood-enhancing, and focus-promoting effects.

Cultiva’s Haze: Tangelo Boost

Cultiva Tangelo Boost stands as a modern interpretation of the classic Haze lineage. Crafted from a cross between Tangelo F2 and Boost BX1, this strain embodies the essence of Haze genetics combined with a hint of Afghani and Nepalese landraces offering a refreshing twist with its unique terpene profile. 

Dispelling Myths About Daytime-Only Use

One prevalent misconception about Haze strains is that they are exclusively suitable for daytime use. However, while Haze strains are indeed known for their energising and uplifting effects, they also possess the versatility to provide relaxation and symptom relief throughout the day or night.

Also, contrary to concerns about inducing insomnia, Haze strains offer a balanced experience, catering to a variety of needs without disrupting sleep patterns.5

The temporary unavailability of specific medicinal cannabis strains, such as Bacio Gelato, requires a careful and informed approach to substituting these products to ensure continued therapeutic efficacy and patient well-being. Understanding the active compounds and their interactions is an important first step.

Medicinal cannabis contains a complex array of cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, each contributing to its therapeutic profile. The primary cannabinoids—tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)—are well-known for their effects on the endocannabinoid system, influencing various physiological processes such as pain, mood, appetite, and inflammation.

Substituting a cannabis strain requires matching the pharmacological profile of the original strain as closely as possible. For instance, Bacio Gelato is an indica-dominant strain with 23% THC and a terpene profile dominated by caryophyllene, myrcene, and limonene.

These terpenes contribute to its sedative, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and appetite-stimulating effects. Therefore, an appropriate substitute should have similar levels of THC and a comparable terpene profile to provide analogous therapeutic benefits.

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In June 2024, Cultiva discontinued Governmint Oasis. To help patients asking for this strain, we’ve compiled a list of potential alternatives for those previously prescribed Governmint Oasis. Below, you'll find a detailed breakdown of alternative strains and their therapeutic effects.

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Cannabis strains, like people, have genetic ancestry. Each strain inherits its genetic makeup from its parent strains. These parent strains contribute specific traits, including cannabinoid composition, terpene profile, and growth characteristics, to their offspring.

When two cannabis strains share a common parent genetic strain, they possess genetic similarities that manifest in their characteristics. Just as siblings share traits inherited from their parents, cannabis strains with a common genetic lineage exhibit resemblances in their chemical composition and growth patterns.

The shared genetic heritage between two strains results in a degree of consistency in their effects. For instance, if one strain is known for its relaxing properties due to its cannabinoid and terpene profile, a substitute strain with a common parent genetic strain is likely to induce similar effects, albeit with slight variations.

Transitioning between cannabis strains becomes smoother when substituting with a strain sharing a common parent genetic strain. This is because the genetic similarities between the two strains facilitate adaptation for both the cultivator and the patient. Cultivation practices can remain relatively consistent, and patients can expect a familiar experience.

When one strain becomes temporarily unavailable, such as Bacio Gelato, substituting with another strain sharing a common parent genetic strain, such as Jealousy, ensures continuity in characteristics, effects, and quality standards.

Strain substitution can also be therapeutically beneficial in preventing patients from building a tolerance to certain strains (read more in our upcoming NUG).

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What is Bx1?

Bx1 is a term indicating first generation back-cross cultivation. This means an offspring plant is cross-cultivated with one of its parents. This is usually done to stabilise genetics or enhance desired characteristics of the final plant. As an example, Parent 1 (P1) and Parent 2 (P2) plants are bred to produce F1. When F1 is bred with either P1 or P2, the product is a Bx1 cultivar.